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Enhanced crown root number and length confers potential for yield improvement and fertilizer reduction in nitrogen-efficient maize cultivars

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liu, Zhigang 1 ; Zhao, Yang 1 ; Guo, Song 2 ; Cheng, Shuai 1 ; Guan, Yanjie 1 ; Cai, Hongguang 3 ; Mi, Guohua 1 ; Yuan, L 1 ;

作者机构： 1.China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Ctr Resources Environm & Food Secur, Key Lab Plant Soil Interact,MOE, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

2.Sichuan Acad Agr Sci, So & Fertilizer Res Inst, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, Peoples R China

3.Jilin Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resource & Environm, Changchun 130033, Jilin, Peoples R China

关键词： Maize cultivars; Root traits; Low nitrogen stress; High yield; Nitrogen-efficient

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：5.224； 五年影响因子：6.19 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2019 年 241 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Selection of high-yielding and nitrogen (N)-efficient cultivars under realistic agronomic conditions can benefit farmers in their production practices. In addition, phenotyping the root characteristics of high-yielding and N-efficient cultivars under N stress conditions is important to guide maize breeding for abiotic stress tolerance. The objective of this study was to (1) evaluate the potential increase in yield and reduction in required fertilizer input in maize cultivars, and (2) examine the root characteristics of high-yielding and N-efficient cultivars. Under the high-N (240 kg N ha(-1)) and the low-N (no N supplied) conditions, grain yield and nodal root traits of 10-67 dominant maize cultivars grown in North and Northeast China were investigated in field trials at six environments. The low-N conditions reduced grain yield by 24%, crown root number (CRN, shoot-borne roots formed at consecutive underground shoot nodes) by 8%, brace root number (BRN, shoot-borne roots formed at consecutive aboveground shoot nodes) by 44%, and brace root whorl number (BRWN, whorls of roots that arise from aboveground shoot nodes) by 50%. The grain yield showed a significant positive correlation with CRN and crown root length (CRL) under both N treatments. The cultivars were classified into four types based on the average grain yield under high-N and low-N treatments: EE, efficient under both high-N and low-N treatments; HNE, N efficient only under high-N treatment; LNE, N efficient only under low-N treatment; and NN, inefficient under both high-N and loW-N treatments. The cultivars with EE and HNE types had 5%-10% greater grain yield and reduced N fertilizer input requirements by 11%-50%. Under the low-N conditions, the cultivars classified as EE and HNE types showed 4%-20% higher CRN and 14%-22% longer CRL compared with NN types. Cultivation of the EE and HNE maize cultivars in Northeast and North China may reduce N input requirements without compromising yield. Compared with NN type cultivars, the EE and HNE cultivars had greater CRN and CRL, which may be contributed to improving N acquisition and grain yield formation in response to N stress.

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